This book accommodates the existing correlations, data, and methods for thermodynamic and thermophysical properties of saline water, including multiple components at a wide range of salinity (reaching around 200 g/kg), temperature, and pressure. The correlations of each property are plotted against existing experimental data to judge the comparative accuracy of each within a given specific range of salinity, temperature, and pressure. An assessment to recommend some correlations is also conducted. New correlations for some properties are also proposed. This book helps to provide the saline water properties as needed for engineers, designers, and research for different areas, including desalination and water treatment.All the analytical analysis, thermodynamic analysis, and design models of the desalination technologies depend on saline water properties. As scientists and researchers working on different desalination technologies, the authors found it difficult to find all saline water properties in one source, including multicomponent and binary salty solutions, under different conditions (salinity, temperature, and pressure). Therefore, the authors introduce this book to fill the gap in the open literature. This book compiles the thermodynamic and thermophysical properties of saline water, involving thermodynamic approaches, multicomponent models, and simple correlations and data, comparison between the correlations of properties in figures, recommendation of the most accurate correlations and methods, and the used codes to estimate these correlations and methods. It is expected that this book to be a principal source for all interests in desalination and water treatment subjects.

Naef A.A. Qasem is currently (2023) an Assistant Professor of thermofluid sciences in the Department of Aerospace Engineering at King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Before that (2017 - 2019), he was a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KFUPM. He earned his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from KFUPM in 2017. His current research focuses on desalination, renewable energy, and other fields related to thermofluid sciences. He published over seventy-five journal articles (the majority are in Q1 journals with h-index > 22), seven issued patents, and some filed. He served as a reviewer for many prestigious journals. He currently serves as "Young Editor" in the prestigious journal "Applied Energy, Elsevier, Q1, Top 10%". Recently, he has been listed in the Top 2% Scientists Worldwide for the year 2021, published by Elsevier and compiled by Standford University Researchers.Muhammad M. Generous is currently^ 8) and one patent related to desalination and heat transfer.Bilal A. Qureshi is currently (2023) an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Before that (2014 - 2017), he was a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KFUPM. He earned his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engine^ 23) related to desalination, two-phase flow, and heat exchanger topics.Syed M. Zubair is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. He earned his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta. His research interest involves applied and fundamental areas of energy and desalination systems, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, and the fouling of heat exchangers. He has participated in several research projects, including projects supported by MIT-KFUPM Center for Clean Water and Clean Energy. The heating and dehumidification (HDH) technology he developed with MIT collaborators ended up in a commercial ^ 60) and was awarded 10 US patents. Currently, he serves on the editorial board of the International Journal of Refrigeration and as Associate Editor of Nature - npj Clean Water. He has been listed in the Top 2% Scientists Worldwide for three years, 2019, 2020, and 2021, published by Elsevier and compiled by Standford University Researchers.